183 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
Job quality in Europe
Promoting job quality and gender equality are objectives of the European Employment
Strategy (EES) in spite of a downgrading of the attention given to both in the
revised employment guidelines and the re-launch of the Lisbon Process. However,
advances on both of these objectives may be important complements to the employment
rate targets of the EES, as access to good quality jobs for both sexes is likely to
help sustain higher employment rates. While the European Commission has a broad
view of the concept of job quality in practice, it relies on a selection of labour market
type indicators that say little about the quality of the actual jobs people do. Using
data from the 2005 European Working Conditions survey, we analyse job quality
along three dimensions: job content, autonomy and working conditions. We conclude
that gender and occupational status, along with other job characteristics such as
working time and sector, have more influence on an individualâs job quality than the
country or ânational modelâ they are situated in. Our results also demonstrate the
value of developing indicators of job quality that are both gender sensitive and
derived at the level of the job rather than the labour market in order to advance EU
policy and academic debate on this topic
Job opportunities for whom? Labour market dynamics and service sector employment growth in Germany and Britain
"This report examines structural change in employment and the development of servicesector jobs in Germany and Britain between 1993 and 2002. During this period the British labour market was buoyant, while the employment situation in Germany can only be described as dismal. There is much political interest in the potential for creating new jobs in the service sector. But these developments raise a number of controversial issues when this involves the potential expansion of low-skill, low-wage service jobs, especially in a country such as Germany which has traditionally enjoyed a high-skill, high-wage equilibrium. The project was designed to compare the characteristics of service employment, using comparable longitudinal data from the British Household Panel Survey and the German Socio-Economic Panel. The analysis covered the different patterns of growth in service occupations and industries in the two countries and the quality of these jobs in terms of wages and working hours. We were interested in finding out what kind of jobs had been growing and what kinds of people have been taking them up. In particular, we were interested in tracking transition patterns between non-employment and employment, as well as in examining how far, and for whom, service employment is precarious." (author's abstract)"In der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden der Strukturwandel in der Beschäftigung und die Entstehung von Arbeitsplätzen im Dienstleistungsbereich in Deutschland und GroĂbritannien in den Jahren 1993 bis 2002 analysiert. In diesem Zeitraum erholte sich der britische Arbeitsmarkt beträchtlich, wohingegen die Beschäftigungssituation in Deutschland nur als trostlos bezeichnet werden kann. Es gibt ein groĂes politisches Interesse an dem Potential fĂźr neue Arbeitsplätze im Dienstleistungsbereich. Doch fĂźhren diese Entwicklungen auch zu Kontroversen hinsichtlich einer mĂśglichen Ausweitung von niedrig qualifizierten und niedrig bezahlten Tätigkeiten, vor allem in einem Land wie Deutschland, das lange Zeit ein Gleichgewicht von hoch qualifizierten Tätigkeiten bei hohen LĂśhnen hatte. Die Untersuchung war angelegt auf einen Vergleich charakteristischer Merkmale der Dienstleistungsbeschäftigung, dazu wurden vergleichbare Längsschnittdaten des British Household Panel und des deutschen SozioĂśkonomischen Panel genutzt. Die Analyse untersuchte die unterschiedlichen Wachstumsmuster von Dienstleistungstätigkeiten und Dienstleistungsbranchen in beiden Ländern und die Qualität dieser Tätigkeiten hinsichtlich Entlohnung und Arbeitszeitregelungen. Es sollte herausgefunden werden, welche Arten von Tätigkeiten zunahmen und wer sie annahm. Insbesondere ging es darum, Ăbergangsmuster von Nichtbeschäftigung in Beschäftigung nachzuvollziehen und dabei zu untersuchen, inwiefern und fĂźr welche Personen sich die Beschäftigung im Dienstleistungsbereich als prekär erweist." (Autorenreferat
- âŚ